THC, CBD, CBG, CBN – A Beginner’s Guide to Cannabinoids

Cannabis is not just about THC. The plant contains hundreds of active compounds – cannabinoids that interact with our body and mind in different ways. Some help us relax, others support sleep, relieve pain, or improve focus.

THC, CBD, CBG, CBN – A Beginner’s Guide to Cannabinoids

Cannabis is not just about THC.
The plant contains hundreds of active compounds – cannabinoids that interact with our body and mind in different ways. Some help us relax, others support sleep, relieve pain, or improve focus.
Let’s break down the four most well-known cannabinoids — THC, CBD, CBG, and CBN — and explore how to find the right balance between them.

What Are Cannabinoids?

Cannabinoids are natural compounds found in the cannabis plant that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system — a biological network that regulates sleep, mood, pain, immunity, and appetite.
When we consume cannabinoids, they help restore balance in these processes, literally helping the body find its natural rhythm.

THC – The Mind-Altering Power

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most famous — and controversial — cannabinoid.
It’s the compound responsible for the psychoactive effect, or “high.”

Effects:

• Euphoria, creativity, relaxation

• May boost appetite and relieve pain

• In higher doses, can cause anxiety or disorientation

Did you know?
THC binds directly to CB1 receptors in the brain, affecting dopamine release.
It’s used medically for chronic pain, nausea (e.g., from chemotherapy), and loss of appetite.

CBD – Calm Without the High

Cannabidiol (CBD) is the second most common cannabinoid and is non-psychoactive.
It helps the body relax without altering perception or causing a high.

Effects:

• Reduces stress and anxiety

• Supports sleep and recovery

• Helps with inflammation and pain

• Improves mental focus

Best for:
People who want the benefits of cannabis without the buzz — including athletes, professionals, or those with sleep issues.

Pro tip:
CBD can reduce the intensity of THC, which is why it’s often combined in balanced ratios (e.g., 1:1) for a smoother experience.

CBG – The Mother of All Cannabinoids

Cannabigerol (CBG) is less known but incredibly important.
It’s often called the “mother of all cannabinoids”, as other cannabinoids like THC, CBD, and CBN are formed from it during the plant’s development.

Effects:

• Enhances focus and alertness

• Aids digestion

• May reduce eye pressure (glaucoma)

• Has antibacterial properties

Interesting fact:
CBG is energizing without being euphoric — ideal for daytime use.
When combined with CBD, it creates a “focus blend”, popular among those seeking clarity without stress.

CBN – The Sleep Supporter

Cannabinol (CBN) is formed naturally as THC breaks down with age or drying.
It’s not as potent as THC, but has strong relaxing and sedative effects.

Effects:

• Helps with insomnia

• Relieves muscle tension

• May support overnight recovery

Did you know?
CBN is often paired with melatonin or CBD in natural sleep supplements.
Users often report deeper, calmer sleep with no groggy feeling the next morning.

How to Choose the Right Cannabinoid?

In Conclusion

Cannabis isn’t about one single effect — it’s an ecosystem of compounds working together.
Understanding them allows you to use them intentionally, based on what your body truly needs.

Whether you're seeking peace, focus, or restful sleep — cannabis holds a balance for everyone.